Universal design for learning (UDL) is a powerful framework that helps educators design lessons that are accessible, engaging, and effective for all students, including those who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH).
What Is UDL?
UDL is based on the idea that there is no “average” learner. Developed by the Center for Applied Special Technology (CAST), UDL encourages educators to provide:
- Multiple means of engagement (the “why” of learning)
- Multiple means of representation (the “what” of learning)
- Multiple means of action and expression (the “how” of learning)
This approach benefits all students, but it’s especially important for students who are DHH who may face barriers in communication, access to auditory information, or classroom participation.
Here are a few tips for getting started:
- Try adding captions to all videos or using visual timers.
- Work with your school’s teacher consultant or classroom teacher for DHH.
- Ask, “How can I make this lesson more accessible to all learners?”
Applying UDL in Classrooms
Read on for ways UDL can support students who are DHH.
Engagement:
- Offer choice in activities to reflect student interests and strengths.
- Create peer collaboration opportunities that include visual and auditory communication strategies.
- Use role models who are DHH or culturally relevant materials to build identity and connection.
Representation:
- Use captioned videos and visual aids to reinforce spoken content.
- Provide written transcripts or graphic organizers.
- Incorporate sign language or interpreters when appropriate.
Action and Expression:
- Allow students to demonstrate learning through visual projects, signed presentations, or multimedia tools.
- Use technology like speech-to-text or video submissions to support diverse expressions.
UDL isn’t about creating separate lessons for DHH students, it’s about designing learning environments where everyone can succeed. When we plan with access in mind, we empower all students to reach their full potential.
Resources for Educators
MDE RDHH
We provide professional development and resources for DHH education.
Optimizing Outcomes for Students who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: Educational Service Guidelines, Chapter 6 [PDF]
This document describes essential program elements and features that must be considered when designing appropriate services for students who are DHH. The guidelines represent best practices from the field.
CAST UDL Guidelines
This is a resource for implementing UDL in any classroom.
Alt+Shift
This organization offers training and tools to support UDL and assistive technology in Michigan classrooms.